South Sudan

Overview

Since December 2013, South Sudan has experienced intermittent civil war and intercommunal and localised violence. This environment has resulted in widespread insecurity, large-scale internal displacement, increased refugee outflow to Sudan and Uganda, and deteriorating food security. 8.9 million people in South Sudan are in need of humanitarian assistance in 2022.?

The latest peace agreement in South Sudan – the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of Conflict in South Sudan – was signed in 2018. The agreement has led to a fragile truce and resulted in the formation of the Transitional Government of National Unity in February 2020. While hostility between the Government and the main opposition has decreased, localised violence has surged because of conflict over land and resources, cattle raiding, and reprisal attacks.?

The surge in intercommunal violence throughout South Sudan affected less civilians in 2021 than in 2020. There were 3,414 victims of killing, injury, abduction, and conflict-related sexual violence in 2021. In 2021, Warrap and Western Equatoria states were most affected by conflict, accounting for 43% of the total civilian victims.?

Since 2013, more than four million people have been displaced, including 2.2 million IDPs and 2.3 million South Sudanese refugees. South Sudan hosts about 341,000 refugees from Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, and the Central African Republic.?

INFORM estimates South Sudan's humanitarian crisis and disaster risk for 2022 to be very high, at 8.5/10. The lack of coping capacity is estimated at 9.5/10, and vulnerability is estimated at 9/10.?

Latest Developments

18/07: The Ministry of Health declared a cholera outbreak in Rubkona county (Unity State) on 7 May. The last cholera outbreak in South Sudan was in 2017. As at 10 July, there have been 255 suspected cases, with one fatality and the others treated and discharged. Limited access to clean water and inadequate WASH facilities in camps puts IDPs in Bentiu IDP camp and Rukbona town particularly at risk.?